[双语阅读]炼油产能过剩打击石油巨擘
2013-11-04   作者:周武英/编译  来源:经济参考报
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  近年,尽管欧洲一些炼油厂已经在削减产能,但亚洲和中东等地区大型炼油厂的建设浪潮抵消了欧洲产能的下降。炼油产能过剩以及西方经济体汽柴油需求疲弱,导致下游业务利润萎缩。
  Squeezed margins in the global refining industry are hurting the world’s largest oil companies,as Royal Dutch Shell,Total and Exxon Mobil all blamed poor quarterly earnings on a decline in their downstream businesses.
  全球炼油行业利润率受到挤压,损及荷兰皇家壳牌、道达尔和埃克森美孚等世界最大的石油公司,这些石油巨擘都将季度盈利不佳归咎于下游业务的下降。(英国《金融时报》)

  Royal Dutch Shell PLC (RDSA) Thursday reported a 31% decline in third-quarter profit largely because of weak refining margins and increased exploration-and-production expenses. Shell posted profit on a“current cost of supplies”basis——a figure that factors out the impact of inventories,making it equivalent to the net profit reported by U.S. oil companies——of $4.25 billion,down from $6.15 billion in the same period last year.
  荷兰皇家壳牌公司上周四宣布第三季度利润下跌31%,主要因为炼油利润率不佳以及勘探和生产费用上升。壳牌公司是以当前供应成本为基础报告其利润的,这一会计方法所得到的数字反映了库存的影响,并使其与美国石油公司报告的净利润相一致。用这种方法得到的利润额为42.5亿美元,低于去年同期的61.5亿美元。(美国《华尔街日报》)

  Oil and natural gas giant Exxon Mobil Corp. posted lower third-quarter GAAP net income attributable to the company of $7.87 billion,or $1.79 a share,versus last year’s $9.57 billion,or $2.09 a share.
  油气巨头埃克森美孚发布了较低的按GAAP会计原则计算的第三季度净利润,利润额为78.7亿美元,合每股1.7美元。去年同期,其利润额为95.7亿美元,合每股2.09美元。(纳斯达克)

  In the latest period,the company’s refining and marketing business reported operating earnings plunged 81% to $592 million,as weaker margins,primarily in its refining business,decreased profits by $2.4 billion.
  在最近一个季度,埃克森美孚的炼油和营销业务运营利润大幅下降81%,为5.92亿美元。炼油业务利润率低下为主因,造成企业利润下降24亿美元。(美国《华尔街日报》)

  Like most of itspeers in the oil and gas industry,Total is grappling with depressed refiningmargins in Europe,as weak economic growth weighs on demand for oil products. “The refining environment in Europe remains very difficult;the overcapacities are still a major issue,”said Chief Financial Officer Patrick de la Chevardière.Refining margins in the third quarter dropped 79% from a year earlier,Totalsaid.
  和油气行业的大部分其他同行一样,受经济增长疲软对石油产品需求的影响,道达尔公司也在努力应对欧洲萧条的炼油利润率。公司首席财务官Chevardière表示,欧洲的炼油环境仍然非常困难,产能过剩仍是主要的问题。道达尔称,第三季度炼油利润率比一年前下降了79%。(美国《华尔街日报》)

  The problem is most striking in Europe,despite refinery closures that have taken some 1.7m barrels a day of capacity out of the system since 2008. Figures from the International Energy Agency show European demand for refined products will average 13.5m b/d, almost 2m b/d less than in 2008.
  产能过剩问题在欧洲最为明显。自2008年以来,一些炼油厂关闭将产能降低170万桶/日。但国际能源机构数据显示,欧洲对精炼产品的需求平均为1350万桶/日,几乎比2008年减少了200万桶/日。(英国《金融时报》)

  This weakening demand has coincided with the construction of a new wave of giant refineries in Asia and the Middle East that are putting pressure on older and less sophisticated plants in more mature markets. The IEA says global crude oil distillation capacity is set to rise from 86m b/d in 2005 to 101m b/d by 2017 once all the planned new capacity comes on stream.
  在需求日益疲弱之际,亚洲和中东大型炼油厂建设浪潮对陈旧的、技术含量不高的成熟市场炼油厂构成压力。国际能源机构表示,一旦所有计划中的新增产能投产,原油蒸馏能力将从2005年的8600万桶/日提高到2017年的1.01亿桶/日。(英国《金融时报》)

  Some majors have responded by selling their European refineries,though in some cases they have struggled to find buyers. Others are shifting their focus to areas of higher demand growth and lower costs. Total,for example,has built a big new refinery in Jubail,Saudi Arabia,in a joint venture with the country,which shipped its first cargo last month.
  一些主要企业以出售欧洲的炼油厂为应对之策,尽管在某些情况下他们难以找到买家。还有一些企业则将注意力转向需求增长较高且成本较低的地区,比如,道达尔就在沙特阿拉伯的朱拜勒和该国合资建了一个新的炼油厂,上月已经开始运送首批货物。(英国《金融时报》)

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